Synthesis (also called Addition, Composition and Combination)
Atoms and or molecules are combined to make ONE more complex molecule.
A + B --> AB
Fe + S --> FeS
metal oxide + water --> metal hydroxide
nonmetal oxide + water --> oxyacid
Decomposition (also called Analysis)
A complex molecule is broken into simpler molecules and or atoms
AB --> A + B
KClO3 --> KCl + O2
metal chlorate --> metal chloride + oxygen
metal carbonate --> metal oxide + carbon dioxide
Single Replacement
A single element replaces one component of a compound. A metal must always replace a metal and a nonmetal must replace a nonmetal. A single replacement replacement is a type of redox reaction where electrons are transfered from one atom to another.
A + BX --> AX + B
K + CsCl --> KCl + Cs
X + AY --> AX + Y
Cl2 + MgBr2 --> MgCl2 + Br2
Double Replacement (also called Ionic and Precipitation Reactions)
Ionic compounds switch "partners." Remember that a neutral compound must have a cation combined with an anion.
AX + BY --> AY + BX
CuCl + NaS --> CuS + NaCl
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