Tuesday, October 30, 2012

Reactions: Basic Types


Synthesis (also called Addition, Composition and Combination)
     Atoms and or molecules are combined to make ONE more complex molecule.
A  +  B --> AB
Fe  +  S -->  FeS
metal oxide + water --> metal hydroxide
nonmetal oxide + water --> oxyacid

Decomposition (also called Analysis)
     A complex molecule is broken into simpler molecules and or atoms
AB --> A + B
KClO3 --> KCl  +  O2
metal chlorate --> metal chloride + oxygen
metal carbonate --> metal oxide + carbon dioxide

Single Replacement
     A single element replaces one component of a compound.  A metal must always replace a metal and a nonmetal must replace a nonmetal.  A single replacement replacement is a type of redox reaction where electrons are transfered from one atom to another.
A  + BX --> AX + B
K + CsCl --> KCl + Cs

X + AY --> AX  + Y
Cl2  +  MgBr2 --> MgCl2  +  Br2


Double Replacement (also called Ionic and Precipitation Reactions)
     Ionic compounds switch "partners."  Remember that a neutral compound must have a cation combined with an anion.
AX  +  BY --> AY  +  BX
CuCl  +  NaS --> CuS  +  NaCl

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